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| Pumps |
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A Centrifugal pump often thought of as the simplest and most widely used of all the various pump types. A centrifugal pump has a rotating impeller, within a casing, which imparts radial velocity to the liquid, which then exits the pump by way of the discharge nozzle. The flow is smooth and will change according to the system backpressure.
Centrifugal pumps:
Sizes from 1 GPM to 100’s GPM.
Are made in materials from CI to Titanium and CPVC, PP, PVDF and many others.
Produce moderate pressures 1 PSI to 100’s PSI.
Can handle liquids that are less viscous than water, up to 300 SSU on a practical basis.
Some can handle suspended solids.
Not inherently self-priming, can be adapted to be.
Applications such as chemical transfer, wastewater, slurries, plating solutions, cooling systems, where a smooth, consistent flow rate is need.
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Horizontal Pumps
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Designed and meant to be used as a horizontally mounted assembly. This includes feet on the pump, motor or both for securing the pump and motor to its floor or structure. The most common type of Horizontal pump is the End Suction, where the fluid enters the front end of the casing and exits perpendicularly. The source of liquid is either above the pump, in which case it is a positive head and no special priming is needed. If the liquid source is below the pump then either a priming chamber is needed or use of some sort of suction side valve, i.e. foot valve, to maintain prime in an open pumping system. If the inlet and outlet go into the same tank, i.e. re-circulating or filtering, and the lines are kept below the surface level, then after initial priming the system will maintain its prime.
The two big considerations that must be given to horizontal pumps is priming method and NPSHa.
Typical Centrifugal Horizontal pumps include mechanically sealed, magnetic coupled seal-less, self-priming, multistage, jet, back pullout, portable, API and ANSI to name a few.
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Mechanical Sealed Pump
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Single and Double, various types & materials of seals |
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Magnetic Coupled (Seal-less) Pumps
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Ceramic and Rare-Earth magnet couplings, no mechanical seals or packing |
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Vertical Pumps
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Designed and meant to be used as a vertically mounted assembly. Typical vertical pumps include or have as an option some sort of mounting plate. Others are meant to be completely submersed in the liquid. Vertical pumps can have either a relatively short shaft and therefore be canti-levered from the motor allowing for them to operate without bearings and to run-dry. Others have some sort of bearings or bushings, usually a non-metallic type, somewhere along the shaft to minimize shaft run-out and whip. This category also includes those pumps, which are hermetically sealed pump and motor units, suitable for being completely submersed in the liquid. Unlike horizontals, vertical pumps rarely need to be primed, the impeller and casing simply need to be submerged during start-up. Here considerations are usually on the controlling of the pump on-off cycles with some sort of float switch. |
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